.DE Domain General FAQ Germany FAQ - How are domains registered?
- Domains are always registered on a first-come, first-served basis.
- Is it possible for more than one person to register a particular domain?
- It is possible for a domain to be held jointly by more than one holder. If the Domain Holder or one of the joint holders is not a natural person, the full name of the legal person (organization) must be given (including the indication of its legal form). In addition, the full postal address of the Domain Holder or, in the event of joint holders, the full postal address of at least one of the joint holders must be communicated; a post-office box number does not constitute a full postal address.
- Who controls the domain registrations for Germany and what powers do they have?
- The German Domain Registry (DENIC)is the authority over all German domains. DENIC shall have the right to terminate the contract or to refuse its renewal, when it has substantial grounds for so doing. These grounds shall include, in particular, any case in which:
a) the Domain holder is not the Assignee of the corresponding telephone number; or
b) the Domain Holder has persistently breached substantial contract duties or has remained in breach thereof despite receiving a formal warning accompanied by a deadline for compliance; or
c) the data communicated by the Domain Holder to DENIC is incorrect; or
d) it is impossible to establish the identity of the Domain Holder from the particulars communicated; or
e) the Domain Holder not being domiciled in Germany, the formal service of a document on the Administrative Contact instigated by a third party fails at two consecutive attempts, or if such service is deliberately thwarted twice by changing the Administrative Contact; or
f) the Domain Holder, having abandoned their domicile in Germany and having received a formal warning accompanied by a deadline for compliance, fails to appoint an Administrative Contract domiciled in Germany.
- What is a domain?
- Domains are an addressing technique for identifying and localizing computers (or "hosts") in the Internet. Computers recognize one another solely by means of their IP addresses, which are purely numerical. The IPv4 standard, which is still the dominant one, requires them to be in the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx stands for a number between 0 and 255. A typical IP address might, for instance, be 10.136.66.12. When one computer wants to communicate with another one via the Internet, it sends it "Internet packets" which are addressed to the recipient's IP address.
It is human nature that we usually find it a lot easier to memorize terms and descriptions than rows of figures. That was the reason the Domain Name System (DNS) was developed and it makes it possible to use words, names and terms instead of digits more or less at will (although a few rules have to be complied with). That now makes it possible for Internet users to access hosts either through their IP address or by entering the domain. The DNS can also be used for calling other services and information.
When a domain is called in the Internet, special computers, known as name servers, assume the task of translating it into the corresponding IP address. Because each domain and each IP address is unique, they can both only be registered once in the world.
The DNS itself has a hierarchical structure. A number of Top Level Domains (TLDs), such as .de or .com, are defined as its topmost layer. Under these TLDs, it is possible to register second-level domains, which are nearly always referred to simply as "domains".
- It is possible for further sub-domains to be set up under my domain?
- Yes. It is possible to divide a domain up into sub-domains (a sub-domain of bigcity-university.de would be, for instance, info.bigcity-university.de). However, such sub-domains are not registered by Germany Registry, but have to be set up by you or your provider. If you want to use the web address http://www.subdomain.de-beispieldomain.de, then Germany Registry will register the domain de-beispieldomain.de for you. To get the sub-domain subdomain.de-beispieldomain.de set up you should then contact your provider.
- Who makes sure that the domain I request does not collide with the rights of third parties?
- That is something that you must do yourself. Through the act of ordering the domain, you give an assurance that the registration of the requested domain in your name and your use of it does not infringe anybody else's rights. At the same time, you accept liability for the correctness of this assurance. That means that if there ever is an infringement of anyone else's rights, you will be the one held legally liable. Assigning the liability risk in this way reflects the fact that you are free to select your domain yourself and you are also going to benefit from using it.
- What consequences will it have for me if I supply inaccurate data when ordering a domain?
- When you order a domain, you are required to ensure that the correct and complete data is given for the domain holder and any other named contacts. If you fail to do that, such as by indicating an irrelevant address or a false name, you run the risk of losing the domain later on. Wrong data gives the Registry the right to terminate the Domain Contract without giving you any notice beforehand.
- What can I do if the domain I would like to have has already been registered for someone else?
- .DE domains are always registerd on a first-come, first-served basis. If someone else registered before you, there are only two things you can do. Firstly, you could settle for a different name for your domain. Secondly, you could try contacting the domain holder and ask them if they would be willing to transfer the domain to you and, if so, what their conditions would be. The only exception to this might be if you can show that you have a greater right to the domain than its current holder.
Source: www.denic.de/
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